تأثیر سبک زندگی امروزی زنان بر میزان فرزندآوری؛ مطالعه موردی شهر قزوین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس مجلات علمی دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی - قزوین

2 استادیار جامعه شناسی توسعه مؤسسه مطالعات و مدیریت جامع و تخصصی جمعیت کشور.

3 کارشناس ارشد آمار

چکیده

از آن­جا که زنان همواره به­عنوان مقصد اصلی سیاست‌های جمعیتی می‌باشند، این تحقیق به تبیین سبک زندگی امروزی زنان پرداخته و تأثیر آن را در میزان فرزندآوری آن­ها بررسی کرده و با توجه به نظرات آنتونی گیدنز که سبک زندگی را طیفی از عملکردها، نگرش‌ها، رفتارها، بینش‌ها، سلایق و فعالیت‌های روزمره می‌داند و تلفیق آن با تئوری‌های انگیزش به­ویژه انتقال دوم جمعیتی با رویکرد تحلیل سطح فردی به ارائه­ی مدل پرداخته است، پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف، یک تحقیق کاربردی و از نظر شیوه­ی جمع­آوری اطلاعات، توصیفی ـ پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق زنان 15 تا 45 سال شهر قزوین هستند و حجم نمونه نیز 400 نفر است که از طریق پرسش­نامه محقق ساخته، اطلاعات جمع‌آوری شده، پایایی پرسش­نامه با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ و روایی محتوایی پرسش­نامه با استفاده از ضریب لاوشه مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. جهت بررسی فرضیات نیز از روش­های همبستگی و رگرسیون استفاده شد. یافته‌های این تحقیق نشان می‌دهند که سبک زندگی زنان امروزی در جهت دستیابی به وسایل لازم برای محقق ساختن خویشتن است که این مقصد با کنش فرزندآوری در تعارض است. بنابراین زنان سعی می‌کنند به طور اصولی، نابرابری‌های موجود را به میزان دلخواه تغییر دهند. لذا همان­گونه که یافته‌های این تحقیق نشان می‌دهد، بیشترین تأثیر تمایل کم فرزندآوری در زنان در دو مؤلفه­ی گرایش و تغییر وضعیت سیاسی و اجتماعی خود را نشان می‌دهند. در این زمینه می‌توان با بهره‌مند شدن از روش­های تغییر بینش، گرایش و رفتار و تلاش در جهت استحکام وضعیت حقوقی و اجتماعی زنان، آنان را با سیاست‌های جدید جمعیتی کشور همراه ساخت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effects of women’s modern lifestyle on their fertility and childbearing – a case study in Qazvin city

نویسندگان [English]

  • fariba parvinian 1
  • Valiollah Rostamalizadeh 2
  • Reza habibi 3
چکیده [English]

Since women have been the main target of any demographic policies, this study explains the modern lifestyle of women and its effects on their low fertility. Anthony Giddens views lifestyle as a spectrum of functions, attitudes, behaviors, insights, tastes and everyday activities and integrates it with motivational theories, especially the second-demographic transition with an individual-level analysis approach to present the model.This study is an applied one in terms of goal, and is descriptive in terms of its data collection method. This study examines the fundamental elements of women’s lifestyle including insights, attitudes, behavior and the status of current actors in society with individual level analysis approach. The statistic population of this research includes 400 Qazvinian women aged between 15 to 45 and the data is obtained through a questionnaire. Findings show that women’s modern lifestyle encourages women toward striving for self-realization which is in contradiction with child bearing. Hence, women try to basically change inequalities to their own satisfaction. As the findings indicate, the greatest impact of women’s low tendency toward child bearing is felt in two elements of lifestyle attitude and socio-political changes. By utilizing methods for changing insight, attitude and behavior and strive for strengthening women’s legal and social status, one can bring women to accompany new demographic policies of the country.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lifestyle
  • childbearing practice
  • women of Qazvin
  • fertility and modernity
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