بررسی تأثیر آزار جنسی و استرس شغلی بر بروز رفتار غیر کارکردی با توجه به نقش واسطه‌ای فرسودگی شغلی (مورد مطالعه: کارکنان زن شاغل در بخش بهداشت و درمان استان خوزستان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مدیریت، دانشکده اقتصاد و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده اقتصاد و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

3 استادیار دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی‌شاپور، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

آزار جنسی در محیط کار، از جمله پدیده­های مخرب اجتماعی در سازمان بوده که به دلایل متعددی در جامعه­ی سازمانی ایران کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیرات مستقیم و غیر‌مستقیم آزار جنسی و استرس شغلی بر بروز رفتار غیرکارکردی شامل غیبت و جابجایی، با در نظر گرفتن نقش واسطه‌ای (میانجی) فرسودگی شغلی انجام شده است. پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر نحوه­ی گردآوری داده‌ها همبستگی- علی بوده و حجم نمونه با محاسبات آماری حداقل 273 و روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای تعیین گردید. ابزار سنجش متغیرها و گردآوری داده‌ها پرسش­نامه بوده که روایی آن توسط خبرگان مورد تأیید قرار گرفت و پایایی آن با روش آلفای کرونباخ بررسی شد. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها و آزمون فرضیه‌ها از روش‌های همبستگی دو متغیری و مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری و با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای SPSS و AMOS بهره‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان دادند آزار جنسی و استرس شغلی هم به‌طور مستقیم و هم با واسطه فرسودگی شغلی بر قصد جابجایی و غیبت تأثیر معنی‌داری دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effects of sexual harassment and job stress on dysfunctional behavior due to the mediating role of burnout (The Case: female employees working in the health sector in Khuzestan province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • mahdi Nadaf 1
  • nazanin makvandi 2
  • kurosh zare 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 M.A. in Business Management, Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Sexual harassment at work environment e is a destructive social phenomenon and has been infrequently studied among Iranian organizations. This study aimed to examine direct and indirect effects of sexual harassment and job stress on dysfunctional behavior of employees (including absenteeism and turnover) due to the mediating role of burnout. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection method, is correlation–causal research and the sample size was determined with a statistical analysis of at least 273 and a cluster sampling method was used. A tool for measuring variables and collecting data was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by the experts and its reliability was verified by Cronbach's alpha. In order to analyze the data and to test hypothesis correlation quotient and structural equation modeling by SPSS and AMOS were used. The results showed that sexual harassment and occupational stress had a significant effect on the intention of turnover and absenteeism, both directly and indirectly through job burnout.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • sexual harassment
  • Job burnout
  • stress
  • turnover intention
  • absenteeism
–      Antecol, H., & Cobb-Clark, D. (2006). The sexual harassment of female active-duty personnel: Effect job satisfaction and intention to remain in the military. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 61 (1), 55-80.
–      Aykan, E. (2014). Effects of perceived psychological contract breach on intention: Intermediary role of loneliness perception of employees. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150 (15), 413-419.
–      Babakus, E., Yavas, U., & Ashill, N. J. (2009). The role of customer orientation as a moderator of the job demand-burnout-performance relationship: A surface-level trait perspective. Journal of Retailing, 84 (4), 480-492.
–      Beshlideh, K. (2012). Research methods and statistical analysis of research examples with SPSS and AMOS. Ahvaz: Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. (Persian)
–      Boren, J. P. (2014). The relationships between co-rumination, social support, stress, and burnout among working adults. Management Communication Quarterl, 28 (1), 3-25.
–      Chen, C. K., Lin, C., Wang, S. H., & Hou, T. H. (2009). A study of job stress, stress coping strategies, and job satisfaction for nurses working in middle-level hospital operating rooms. Journal of Nursing Reseaech, 17(3), 199-211.
–      Chiodo, D., Wolfe, D. A., Crooks, C., Hughes, R., Jaffe, P. (2009). Impact of sexual harassment victimization by peers on subsequent adolescent victimization and adjustment: A longitudinal study. Journal of Adolescent Health, 45 (3), 246-252.
–      Deery, S, Walsh, J., & Guest, D. (2011). Workplace aggression: the effects of harassment on job burnout and turnover intentions. Work, Employment and Society, 25(4), 742-759.
–      Ebrahimi, A., Kheirabadi, G., Alikhasi, Z., Samoei, R., Nasiri, H., & Moslehi, M. (2016). The Role of Psychological Factors in Absenteeism from Work among Personnel of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Journal of Research in Behavioral Sciences, 14(2), 180-188. (Persian)
–      Fitzgerald, L. F., Swan, S., & Magley, V. J. (1997). But was it really sexual harassment? legal, behavioral, and psychological definitions of the workplace of women. In W. O’Donohue (Ed.), sexual harassment: Theory, research and therapy (pp. 5-28). Allyn and Bacon.
–      Gervais, R. (2013). Sexual harassment and victimisation: What happens in the workplace. UK: Health & Safety Laboratory.
–      Golparvar,M., Vaseghi, Z., & Javadiyan, Z. (2010).Distributive and Procedural Justice as a Moderator of the Relationship of Stress, Overload, and Job Dangers to Women Nurses’ Involvement and Commitment. Quarterly Journal of Woman, Society, 2 (8), 115-142. (Persian)
–      Gulcan, C. (2015). The relationship between burnout and turnover intention among nurses: The effect of psychological demands, decision authority, and social support on burnout and turnover intention. Eastern Mediterranean University, Gazimagusa, North Cyprus.
–      Holland, K. J, Rabelo, V. C., Gustafson, A. M., Seabrook, R. C., & Cortina, L. M. (2016). Sexual harassment against men: Examining the roles of feminist activism, sexuality, and organizational context. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 17 (1), 17-29.
–      Houle, J. N., Staff, J., Motimer, J. T., Uggen, C., & Blackstone, A. (2011). The impact of sexual harassment on depressive symptoms during the early occupational career. American Sociological Association, 1 (2), 89-105.
–      Huang, L. Y., & Cao, L. (2008). Exploring sexual harassment in a police department in Taiwan. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 31 (2), 324-340.
–      Hutagalung, F., & Ishak, Z. (2012). Sexual harassment: a predictor to job satisfaction and work stress among women employees. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 65, 723-730.
–      Ida, H., Masako, M., Komoda, M., Yakura, N., Mano, T., Hamaguchi, T., Yamazaki Kato, K., & Yamauchi, K. (2009). Relationship between stress and performance in a Japanese nursing organization. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 22 (6), 642-657.
–      Labrague, L. J., McEnroe-Petitte, D. M., Gloe, D., Tsaras, K., Arteche, D. L., & Maldia F. (2017). Organizational politics, nurses' stress, burnout levels, turnover intention and job satisfaction, Intrernational Nursing Review, 64(1), 109-116.
–      Li, X., & Zhou, E. (2013). Impact on the client verbal abuse intended to move. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 12 (7), 34-44.
–      Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. (1986). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2 (2), 99-113
–      McLaughlin, H., Uggen, C., & Blackstone, A. (2012). Sexual harassment, workplace authority, and the paradox of power. American Sociological Review, 77 (4), 625-647.
–      Merkin, R. S., & Shah, M. K. (2014). The impact of sexual harassment on job satisfaction, turnover intentions, and absenteeism: findings from Pakistan compared to the United States. Springer Plus, 3 (215), 1-13.
–      Mohammed, G. F., & Hashish, R. K. H. (2014). Sexual harassment against females and its impact on their function. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Science, 5 (3), 69-102.
–      Mosadeghrad, A. M. (2013). Occupational stress and turnover intention: Implications for nursing management. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 1, 169-176.
–      Mozafari, M. M., & Moghadam, N. (2016). The Effect of Job Stress on Job Satisfaction. International Conference on Change Management, 5 & 6 October 2016, Tehran. (Persian)
–      Olivares-Faundez, V. E., Gil-Monte, P. R., Mena, L., Jelvez-Wilke, C., & Figueiredo-Ferraz, H. (2014). Relationships between burnout and role ambiguity, role conflict and employee absenteeism among health workers. Sociedad Chilena de Psicología Clínica, 32(2), 111-120.
–      Pina, A., Theresa A., Gannon, T., & Saunders, B. (2009). An overview of the literature on sexual harassment: Perpetrator, theory, and treatment issues. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 14, 126-138.
–      Poghosyan, L., Clarke, S. P., Finlayson, M., & Aiken, L. H. )2010.( Nurse burnout and quality of care: Cross- national investigation in six countries. Research in Nursing Health, 33(4), 288-298.
–      Rios-Risques, I., & Garcia-Isquierdo, M. (2016). Patient satiafaction, stress and job burnout in nurses in emergency departments: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 59, 60-67.
–      Salvaggio A. N., Hopper, J., & Packel, K. M. (2010). Coworker reaction to observing sexual behavior at work. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 26 (7), 604-622.
–      Schaufli, W. B, Maslach, C, & Marek T. (1994). Professional burnout: recent developments in theory and research (1ed). Washington: Taylor & Francis Press.
–      Sibley Butler, J., & Schmidtke, J. M. (2010). Theoretical Traditions and the Modeling of Sexual harassment within organizations: The military as data. Armed Forces & Society, 36(2), 193-222.
–      Steiner, B., & Wooldredge, J. (2015). Individual and environmental sources of work stress among prisons officers. International Association for Correctional and Forensic Psychology, 42 (8), 800-818.
–      Tabaj, A., Postrik, S., Bitence, C., & Masten, R. (2015). Relation between job burnout, job stress and job saticefaction of professionals working in vocational rehabilition. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 38 (12), 236-250.
–      Tangri, S. S., Burt, M. R., & Johnson, L. B. (1982). Sexual harassment at work: Three explanatory models. Journal of Social Issues, 38 (4), 33-54.
–      Thanacoody, R. P. Bartram, T., & Casimir, G. (2009). The effects of burnout and supervisory social support on the relationship between work-familyconflict and intention to leave. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 23 (1), 53-69.
–      Tziner, A., Rabenu, E., Radomski, R., & Belkin, A. (2015). Work stress and turnover intentions among hospital physicians: The mediating role of burnout and work satisfaction. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 31 (2), 207-213.
–      Wang, C. A., & Spence Laschinger, H. K. (2015). Impact of job strain and burnout on frontline manager. Commitment and Intention To Move, 35 (8), 88-112.
–      Yeon Lee, J., Gibson Heilman, S., & Near, J. P. (2004). Blowing the whistle on sexual harassment:Test of a model of predictors and outcomes. Human Relations, 57 (3), 297-322.
–      Yin luo, T. (1996). Sexual harassment in the chinese workplace. Violence Against Woman, 2 (3), 284-301.
–      Zare, A., Sepehry, S., & Roostaee, S. (2017). The Impact of organizational toxic climate on intention to leave job among female nursing: Explaining the role mediator of stress and job burnout. Quarterly Journal Of Woman, Society, 8 (32), 75-102. (Persian)