علل زمینه ساز کودک همسری (مطالعه موردی زنان دارای تجربه ‌زیسته مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی شهر تبریز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار جامعه شناسی گروه علوم اجتماعی دانشکده حقوق و علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانشیار جمعیت شناسی گروه علوم اجتماعی دانشکده حقوق و علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه تبریز

3 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد پژوهش اجتماعی گروه علوم اجتماعی دانشکده حقوق و علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه تبریز،

چکیده

مقدمه: در جهان معاصر، پدیده ی کودک همسری در متن بسیاری از جوامع جریان دارد؛ دختران و پسران زیر سن قانونی، حتی کمتر از 10 سال مجبور به ازدواج می شوند. آمار رسمی موجود در مورد این پدیده حاکی از رتبه دوم آذربایجان ­شرقی بین استان های کشور است. شهر تبریز به عنوان مرکز استان به دلیل تنوع اجتماعی، فرهنگی و مذهبی، برای بررسی علل زمینه­ساز کودک ­همسری در این استان مورد پژوهش قرار گرفته است.
 روش شناسی: پژوهش حاضر به شیوه کیفی، براساس تجربه زیسته زنانی که این پدیده را تجربه کرده اند انجام شده است. نمونه گیری به صورت هدفمند در جامعه زنان بین 15 تا 35 سال مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی شهر تبریز که اولین بار در سن کمتر از 15 سال ازدواج کرده­اند انجام شده، پاسخگویان پس از آگاهی از اهداف پژوهش به صورت داوطلبانه در مصاحبه شرکت کرده­اند و نمونه گیری تا اشباع نظری داده ها ادامه یافته است.
یافته‌ها: براساس تحلیل مضمون که برای استخراج داده از مصاحبه ها استفاده شده، 21 زیر مضمون و 7 مضمون کلی به دست آمده است که براساس آن، بلوغ جنسی زودرس، مردسالاری، تعصبات مذهبی، موقعیت محل زندگی و زندگی با پدر و مادر ناتنی مهمترین علل زمینه ساز کودک همسری در شهر تبریز است.
 بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: اگرچه موضوع بلوغ زودرس و ساختار جسمی بیشتر تحت تاثیر ویژگی های ژنتیکی افراد است اما نوع برخورد با این موضوع بستگی به محل زندگی، سبک زندگی و تعاملات اجتماعی محیط دارد و مسائل اجتماعی و فرهنگی مسئله بلوغ زودرس را در پدیده کودک همسری تشدید می کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Contextual Causes of Child Marriage (A case study of Women Who Have Child Marriage Experience and Recourse to Health Centers in Tabriz)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fattaneh Hajilou 1
  • Tavakkol Aghayari 2
  • Farideh Alipour Abdar 3
1 Assistant Professor of Sociology, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, University of Tabriz,
2 Associate Professor of Demography, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, University of Tabriz
3 Graduate of M.A in Social Research, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, University of Tabriz
چکیده [English]

In the contemporary world, child marriage occurred in the context of some societies, and as a multidimensional phenomenon, includes those marriages took place below certain ages, according to law, religious codes or common sense. Official statistics show that East Azerbaijan has the second largest number of child marriages among the provinces of the Iran. The present study aimed at investigating the underlying causes of early/child marriage among Tabriz City’s married women, as the center of the province, it has great social, cultural and religious diversity.
This study uses a qualitative methodology and thematic analysis to collect and analyze the lived experiences of women aged 15 to 35 who have child marriage experience. A purposive sampling approach is used to include 21 women in the study with various social and economic backgrounds and according to theoretical saturation criteria. Based on the content analysis used to extract the data from the interviews, 21 sub-themes and 7 macro-themes were obtained. According to these findings, early puberty, Larger body than age, patriarchy, religious prejudice, geographic location, economic poverty and living with stepchildren are the main underlying causes of child marriage in Tabriz.
Precocious puberty and physical structure are more influenced by genetic characteristics, but the results of the study show, the Child marriage practice is mainly under the influence of social and cultural factors, therefore, any proper intervention to manage the problem should be socially or culturally defined, constructed, and implemented.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Child marriage
  • early marriage
  • precocious puberty
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