تجربه زیسته زنان سرپرست خانوار از خشونت پس از زلزله (مورد مطالعه زنان سرپرست خانوار ساکن در مناطق زلزله زده استان کرمانشاه)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• طیبه گودرزی ¹
• ستار پروین ²
• عالیه شکر بیگی ³

¹ گروه جامعه شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران،ایران

² گروه مددکاری اجتماعی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

³ گروه جامعه شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

10.30495/jzvj.2022.27719.3551

چکیده

زنان سرپرست‌خانوار از گروه‌های اجتماعی آسیب‌پذیر و فراموش شده در حوادث طبیعی هستند که به‌دلیل مسائل فرهنگی و اجتماعی همواره مورد خشونت قرار می‌گیرند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تجربه زیسته زنان سرپرست خانوار از خشونت پس از زلزله استان کرمانشاه انجام شد. جامعه مورد مطالعه کلیة زنان آسیب‌دیده در زلزله بودند که به‌صورت هدفمند با 15 نفر از آنها مصاحبه عمیق فردی انجام گرفت. حجم نمونه با استفاده از نمونه گیری نظری و تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری تداوم یافت. داده‌ها با استراتژی پدیدارشناسی تفسیری گردآوری و با روش دیکلمن و همکاران(1989) تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند. در نهایت، 474 کد باز و اولیه، 55 درون‌مایة فرعی و 4 درون‌مایة اصلی استخراج شد. طبق یافته‌ها تجربه خشونت زنان عبارت بودند از:« دسترسی ناعادلانه به منابع، داغ ننگ، فقدان امنیت و تخریب اجتماعات». نتایج این مطالعه نشان می‌دهد که رفع خشونت‌ها علیه این زنان منوط به حذف موانع فرهنگی ماقبل حوادث و توجه به قدرت تصمیم‌گیری آنها در بطن خانواده و جامعه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• تجربه زیسته
• خشونت
• زنان سرپرست خانوار
• زلزله کرمانشاه

20.1001.1.20088566.1401.13.50.7.3

---

عنوان مقاله [English]

Living experience of female-headed households from post-earthquake violence (A case study of female-headed households living in earthquake-stricken areas of Kermanshah province

نویسندگان [English]

• . . ¹
• . . ²
• . . ³

¹ .Department of Sociology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

² Department of Social Work, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran.

³ .

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Female-headed households are vulnerable and neglected social groups in natural disasters who always subjected to violence due to cultural and social issues. The aim of this study was to investigate the lived experience of female-headed households from post-earthquake violence in Kermanshah province.
Methods: The study population was all women affected by the earthquake and 15 of them were purposefully interview in person. The sample size was continue using theoretical sampling until theoretical saturation. Data collected by interpretive phenomenological strategy and analyzed by Dickelman.et al (1989).
Results: 474 open source code, 55 sub-themes and 4 main themes extracted. Findings of violence against women founded to include "unfair access to resources, stigma, lack of security, and the destruction of communities." The results of this study show that the elimination of violence against these women depends on the removal of cultural barriers before the events and attention to their decision-making power in the heart of the family and society.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• lived experience
• violence
• : female-headed households: Kermanshah earthquake

مراجع

• Abedi Diznab M., Abbasi M, Ali Mandegari M. (2018). A Comparative Study of the Characteristics of Female and Male Heads of Households in Urban and Rural Areas (2016 Census of Iran).. 29 (1) :95-113.
• Ariyabandu, M. M. (2006). Gender Issues in Recovery from the December2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami: The Case of Sri Lanka. Earthquake Spectra, 22(3_suppl), pp759–775.
• Austin,---.(2016). Hyper-masculinity and disaster. In E. Enarson & B. Pease (Ed.), Men, Masculinities and Disasters(ch.4). London: Book now Ltd.
• Badri, S., Asgary, A., Eftekhari, A.R & Levy, J .(2006). Post-Disaster Resettlement, Development and Change: a case study of the 1990 Manjil earthquake in Iran, Disasters, 30, pp451-468.
• Bhadra, S. (2017). Women in disaster and conflicts in India: Interventions in the view of Millenium Development Goals. International journal of disaster risk science 8(2) 196-207.
• Bradshaw, S., & Fordham, F., (2013). Women, girls and disaster: A review for DFID.
• Cresswell, J. (2015). Qualitative scanning and research design. Translated by Hassan Danaeifard and Hossein Kazemi, Tehran: Saffar Publications.
• Fisher, S. (2010). Violence against women and natural disasters: Findings from post-tsunami Sri Lanka. Violence Against Women, 16(8), pp902-918.
• Ghana Azabadi, F., Kianpour, M., & Qasemi, W. (2014). hot stigma of celibacy for girls 30 years and older :At the level of individual experience and social attitude. Master Thesis in Social Sciences.University of Esfahan.
• Gearhart, S., Perez-Patron, Maria, and et al. ( 2018). Violence and Gender.Jun.pp87-92.
• Habib Pourghtabi, K .(2018). "Vulnerability of women in natural disasters: a social construct." Women in Development and Politics, Volume 16, No. 3, pp457-48.
• Hayati, E.N. (2013). Domestic violence against women in rural Indonesia. searching for multilevel prevention.
• Izquierdo, E. (2015). "A Gender Approach to Vulnerability and Natural Disasters. CUNY Academic Works.
• Neumayera, E., & Plümperb, T. (2007). The Gendered Nature of Natural Disasters: The Impact of Catastrophic Events on the Gender Gap in Life Expectancy, 1981-2002. London: Department of Geography and Environment, London School of Economics and Political Science and Department of Government, University of Essex and Max-PlanckInstitute of Economics, Jena.
• Parkinson, D. (2017). Investigating the Increase in Domestic Violence Post Disaster: An Australian Case Study. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34(11), 2333–2362 .
• Rees, S., Pittaway, E., & Bartolomei, L. (2005). Waves of Violence - Women in Post-Tsunami SriLanka. The Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies.
• Pittaway, E., Bartolomei, L., & Rees, S. (2007). Gendered dimensions of the 2004 tsunami and a potential social work response in post-disaster situations. International Social Work, 50(3), pp307–319:
• Sohrabizadeh, S. (2016). A Qualitative Study of Violence Against Women after the Recent Disasters of Iran. Prehospital and disaster medicine, 31(4), pp407–412.
• Tomasdotter, V. (2017). Post-Disaster Gender Based Violence-An Abductive Case Study of Hurricane Katrina and the Haiti Earthquake.
• Retrived from:https://www.irna.ir/ news/83776370
• Retrived from: Behzisti.ir
• Retrived from:https://women.gov.ir/fa/news/10795.