نقش و جایگاه حقوق کیفری و آموزه‌های دینی در پیشگیری از وقوع جرم در دختران نوجوان مطابق با رویکرد توسعه سازمان ملل متحد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد دامغان، دامغان، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد دامغان، دامغان، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از انجام این پژوهش، تعیین اهمیت و نقش آموزه‌های دینی و حقوق کیفری اسلامی در پیشگیری از جرایم در دختران نوجوان است؛ بدین منظور رویکرد جدید سازمان ملل متحد به عنوان مبنای مقایسه انتخاب شد. این رویکرد متشکل از 5 معیار و تعدادی زیرمعیار می‌باشد که به عنوان اهداف مورد نظر این سازمان دسته‌بندی شده‌اند. با مراجعه به آرای خبرگان اقدام به تهیه فهرستی از مؤلفه‌های دینی اثرگذار بر پیشگیری از جرایم شد و این مؤلفه‌ها از راه روش سلسله مراتبی فازی مورد مقایسه زوجی و اولویت‌بندی قرار گرفتند. در انتها، تعمیم‌پذیری نتایج به روی دختران نوجوان بزهکار (جرایم سبک) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج بیانگر آن بوده است که از دیدگاه خبرگان، مؤلفه «پرورش وجدان و نفس سرزنشگر» با وزن 69265/0 دارای بالاترین درجه اهمیت و مؤلفه «تاکید بر توبه و استغفار از گناه» نیز با وزن 21926/0 دارای کم‌ترین اولویت بوده‌اند. معیارهای «پیشگیری اولیه» و «پیشگیری وضعی» به ترتیب با وزن فازی 06225/0 و 05756/0 با آموزه‌های دینی انطباق بیش‌تری داشته و امکان تحقق راحت‌تری دارند؛ ولیکن وزن آموزه‌های دینی برای تحقق اهداف مندرج در معیار «پیشگیری از جرایم سازمان‌یافته» و «پیشگیری از تکرار جرایم» به ترتیب با اوزان 0325/0 و 0433/0 کم‌تر است. نکته دارای اهمیت آن است که از دیدگاه دختران نوجوان بزهکار، مؤلفه «مجازات اسلامی» در جایگاه آخر اهمیت (هشتم) قرار داشته است، در حالی‌که از دیدگاه خبرگان نیز به عنوان مؤلفه ششم معرفی شده است؛ هم‌چنین هر دو گروه مؤلفه «پرورش وجدان و نفس سرزنشگر» را به عنوان اولویت اول انتخاب کرده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role and Position of Criminal Law and Religious Teachings in the Prevention of Crime in Teenage Girls According to the United Nations Development Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Habib Akbari Noodeh 1
  • Davood Dadashnejad Delshad 2
  • Morteza Barati 2
1 Ph.D. Student in Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch, Damghan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law, Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch, Damghan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this research is to determine the importance and role of religious teachings and Islamic criminal law in preventing crimes among teenage girls. This approach consists of 5 criteria and a number of sub-criteria which are categorized as the objectives of this organization. By referring to the opinions of experts, a list of religious components affecting the prevention of crimes was prepared. These components were paired and prioritized through the fuzzy hierarchical method. Finally, the generalizability of the results to delinquent teenage girls (light crimes) was evaluated. The results have shown that from the experts' point of view, the component "cultivation of conscience and self-reproach" with a weight of 0.69265 has the highest degree of importance and the component "emphasis on repentance and forgiveness of sins" with a weight of 0.21926 has the lowest priority. The criteria of "primary prevention" and "conditional prevention" with fuzzy weights of 0.06225 and 0.05756, respectively, are more compatible with religious teachings and have the possibility of easier realization. However, the weight of religious teachings for the realization of the goals listed in the criterion of "prevention of organized crimes" and "prevention of repetition of crimes" is less with the weights of 0.0325 and 0.0433, respectively. The important point is that from the point of view of delinquent teenage girls, the "Islamic Punishment" component was in the last place of importance (eighth), while from the experts' point of view, it was introduced as the sixth component.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crime
  • Religious Teachings
  • Criminal Law
  • Teenage Girls

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