1- Shamisa S. Literary Criticism, Second Edition, Tehran: Mitra. 2009.
2-Asgari Hassankloo A, Rakovitska, C. The Voice of Time, Sociology of Female Personality in the Novel After the Revolution, Tehran: Akhtaran Publishing, 2016.
3- Alaei P. Literary Criticism and Sociology, Book of the Month, Literature and Philosophy, 2001, No. 10 and 11, Fourth Year, August and September.
4-Amri G. George Lukacs, Translated by Ezatullah Fooladvand, Samar Publishing Center. 1993.
5- Mortazouri Sh. A Comparative Study of Female Personality in the Works of Fahimeh Rahimi and Daniel Steele: A Case Study of the Novel Window and the Rise of Love, Journal of Women and Culture, Ninth Year, 2018, No. 36, 74-55.
6. Habibi AA. Indirect Characterization Method in the Time of Zaqaq Al-Muddaq by Najib Mahfouz, Bi-Quarterly Journal of Critique of Contemporary Arabic Literature, 2016, 6, 12(10), 29-1
7- Shiri R. A study of characterization in the novel "Touba and the Meaning of the Night" by Shahrnosh Parsipour, Master Thesis, Department of Persian Literature, Faculty of Persian Literature, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil. 2016.
8-Sarbaz H. Characterization in Sahar Khalifa's novel "Principle and Chapter", two scientific-research quarterly journals of contemporary Arabic literature, fifth year, 10 in a row, 8 scientific and research. 2015.
9-Grant D. Realism, translated by Hassan Afshar, third edition, Tehran: Nashr-e-Markaz. 2000.
10-Seyed H, Reza, Literary Schools, Second Edition, Fifteenth Edition, Tehran: Negah Publications, 2010.
11-Shokr F, Realism in Contemporary Iranian Story Literature, Tehran: Negah Publications. 2007.
12- Forrest L, Romanticism, translated by Masoud Jafari Jazi, Tehran: Markaz Publishing. 1999.
13- Sachkov B, A Study in Realist Literature from the Renaissance to the Present, translated by Mohammad Taghi Faramarzi, Tehran: Thunder Publishing. 1983.
14-Asgari Hassankloo A, Social Critique of Contemporary Persian Novel, Tehran: Farzan Rooz. 2010.
15- Lukacs G, Sociology of the Novel, translated by Mohammad Jafar Pooyandeh, second edition, Tehran: Cheshmeh Publishing. 2001.
16- Foster EM. Aspects of the novel, translated by Ebrahim Younesi, fourth edition, Tehran: Negah Publishing. 1990.
17- Soleimani. What is a novel ?, Tehran: Ney Publishing. 1987.
18- Payende H, Short Story in Iran, Vol. 1, Tehran: Niloufar. 2010.
19- Hawthorne J. An Introduction to Novel Cognition, translated by Shapoor Bahyan, Tehran: Cheshmeh Publishing. 2015.
20-Lukacs G, Sociology of the Novel, translated by Mohammad Jafar Pooyandeh, second edition, Tehran: Cheshmeh Publishing. 2002.
21- Irani N. The Art of Novel, Tehran: Abangah. 2001.
22-Todorov T. The concept of literature and some other essays, translated by Katayoun Shahparrad, Tehran: Qatreh Publishing. 2008.
23- Taghizadeh M. Sociology of World Literature, Tehran: Sarmadi Publishing, 2007.
24-Mirsadeghi J. Story and Literature, Tehran: Mehr verse. 2004.
25-Zarafa M. Fiction Literature, Novel and Social Reality, translated by Nasrin Parvini, Tehran: Foroughi,1989.
26- Fazilat M. Principles and Classification of Literary Criticism, Second Edition, Tehran: Zavar. 2017.
27-Abdul Samad H, Habibi Daeshi, electronic version. 2015.
)