دوگانگیِ ارزش ـ ادب در مسأله‌ی پوشش زن؛ سنجشی واقع‌گرایانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار دانشکده الهیات و ادیان، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

آیا حجاب، از جمله ارزش­های اخلاقی بوده و ریشه در تکوین دارد یا در زمره­ی آداب محسوب شده و به اعتبار و عرف وابسته است؟ پاسخ به این مسأله نیازمند تبیین معیار تمایز آداب از ارزش­ها است. بر اساس تفاوت­های بین ارزش­ها و آداب، معیار تمایز ارزش­ از ادب را می­توان این­گونه دانست؛ هر مقوله­ی ارزشی که 1- مربوط به ساحت درونیِ انسان باشد؛ 2- منشأ تکوینی داشته باشد؛ 3- استدلال­پذیر باشد؛ 4- ارتباط مستقیم با سعادت انسان داشته باشد؛ و 5- مشترک بین همگان باشد؛ ارزش اخلاقی محسوب خواهد شد. در غیر این صورت، به شرط این­که از خصایص آداب برخوردار باشد، باید آن را در زمره­ی آداب قرار داد. این خصایص پنج­گانه در مقوله­ی «حجاب» و پوشش زن وجود دارد. بر این اساس، حجاب، برخلاف آداب، امری وضعی و اعتباری نیست، و حقیقتِ ارزش بودنِ آن به شرایط جوامع بستگی ندارد. این مقاله، ضمن تبیین معیار تمایز آداب از ارزش­ها، تلاش نموده تا با روش تحلیلی و کیفی، با تأکید بر آراء تفسیریِ آیت­الله جوادی آملی، نشان دهد که حجاب ریشه در واقع دارد. از این رو، تلقّی برخی نواندیشان مبنی بر قرار دادن حجاب در زمره­ی آداب و اتّخاذ رهیافت ناواقع­گرایانه در مورد آن، موجّه نیست.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Duality of Custom – Value in Women’s Veil; A Realistic Evaluation

نویسنده [English]

  • R Dehghan Simakani
چکیده [English]

Is "hijab" an ethical value rooted in reality or considered as a custom which is related to different communities and traditions? The answer to this question requires a clear criterion for differentiating customs from values. Based on the differences between values and customs, we can say; any value which is original, reasonable, and common to everyone, relates to man's inner dimension, and if it is contacted to humans’ happiness, it is moral value, otherwise it should be placed among customs. These five features exist in the category of "hijab" and therefore hijab is an ethical value. Accordingly, hijab, is rooted in nature and it does not depend on the circumstances of different communities and traditions. This article clarifies the criteria for the distinction between customs and values, and also with a method of analysis, with an emphasis on the views of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, in an effort to show that "hijab" is a virtue. Hence the belief of those who consider "hijab" as a custom is not acceptable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • ethics
  • customs
  • values
  • value
  • realism
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