رابطه سبک زندگی و نگرش به نقش مادرانه پژوهشی در شهر رشت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• معصومه کرم زاده طولارود ¹
• محمد مهدی رحمتی ²
• زهرا قاسمی ³

¹ دانشجوی دکتری جامعه شناسی، گروه علوم اجتماعی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران، ایران

² دانشیار گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی دانشگاه گیلان، ایران

³ استادیار گروه جامعه شناسی، گروه علوم اجتماعی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

10.30495/jzvj.2024.29418.3929

چکیده

هدف: زنانگی و نقش مادری به عنوان یک ساختار نقشی جنسیتی بیش از همه در نگرش به مادری تجلی می‌یابد و این نگرش به مادری می‌تواند تحت تأثیر عوامل مختلفی باشد. از دیگر سو، در پرتو تحولاتی که در سده اخیر در جهان و ایران رخ داده، بسیاری از مولفه­های سبک زندگی، به ویژه در میان زنان، در معرض تغییر قرار گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی جامعه­شناسانه تأثیر سبک زندگی بر نگرش به نقش مادری از زنان شهر رشت انجام شده است.
روش  و مواد :  روش پژوهش حاضر توصیفی و از نوع همبستگی است. جامعه آماری تمام زنان متآهل دارای فرزند ساکن شهر رشت در سال 1400 است که با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری خوشه­ای تصادفی و با حجم نمونه 384 نفر جمع آوری داده انجام گردید. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها، متناسب با سطح سنجش متغیرها از آزمون همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل مسیر استفاده شده است. با توجه به هدف و فرضیه­های پژوهش، نگرش به مادری و سبک زندگی زنان با نظریات بوردیو، گیدنز، مانهایم و نیز برخی روایت­­های فمنیستی مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: با توجه به آزمون فرضیه­ها بین سبک زندگی و نگرش به مادری رابطه معنادار وجود دارد. بدین صورت که با مدرن شدن سبک زندگی، نگرش به نقش مادری در زنان نیز مدرن می­شود و این مسئله در کلیه جنبه­های سبک زندگی نظیر مدیریت بدن، سبک خرید، مصرف فرهنگی و اوقات فراغت به چشم می­خورد .
 با توجه به میانگین شاخص­های پژوهش، نگرش به مادری در زنان نه سنتی است و نه مدرن بلکه بینابین؛ اما نزدیک به مدرن است؛ سبک زندگی زنان نیز در وضعیت مشابه قرار دارد و در محدوده بینابین (سنتی- مدرن) است. تحلیل مسیر نشان از آن دارد که مصرف فرهنگی بیشترین اثر مستقیم را بر نگرش به مادری دارد. همچنین مدیریت بدن و پایگاه اقتصادی و اجتماعی دارای اثرات مستقیم و غیرمستقیم و اوقات فراغت دارای اثر غیرمستقیم بر نگرش به مادری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• نگرش به مادری"
• سبک زندگی"
• مصرف فرهنگی"
• "
• مدیریت بدن"

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Lifestyle and Attitude towards the role of Motherhood: A Research in Rasht City

نویسندگان [English]

• masomeh karamzadeh toularod ¹
• mohamad mahdi rahmati ²
• zahra ghasemi ³

¹ PhD Student in Sociology of Social Issues, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

² Associate Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan, Iran

³ Assistant Professor, Department of Cultural Sociology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Femininity and the role of motherhood are manifested as a gender role

structure in the attitude towards motherhood. This attitude is different in

traditional and modern women. The developments of the last century in

the world and in Iran have exposed the lifestyle components of women to

change. The current research was conducted with the purpose of a

sociological survey on the effect of lifestyle on the attitude towards the role

of motherhood in two generations of women in Rasht city. The data was

collected using a cross-sectional survey and questionnaire among married

women with children with a sample size of 384 people, using a random

sampling method. Pearson’ correlation test and path analysis were used

for data analysis. According to research hypotheses, the attitude towards

motherhood and women s lifestyle were analyzed with the theories of

Bourdieu, Giddens, Mannheim and some feminist narratives. According to

the findings, there is a significant relationship between attitude towards

motherhood and lifestyle. With the modernization of the lifestyle, the

attitude towards the motherhood’s role in women is also modernized, this

is visible in aspects of the lifestyle such as body management, shopping

style, cultural consumption and leisure time. According to the research

indicators, women’s attitude towards motherhood is neither traditional nor

modern, but intermediate, but close to modern; Women’s lifestyle is in the

intermediate range (traditional-modern). Path analysis shows that cultural

consumption has the most direct effect on the attitude towards

motherhood. body management and economic social status have

direct and indirect effects.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Attitude towards motherhood"
• lifestyle
• cultural consumption"
• "
• body management"

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