Qualitative exploration of the contexts and consequences of women's addiction in South Khorasan

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD Student in Sociology, Shiraz University

2 Professor of Sociology, Shiraz University

Abstract

This study aims to study and understand the contexts and consequences of women's addiction. The method of research is grounded theory and the participants of the research are 25 recovered women of South Khorasan who are in the stage of quitting addiction. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews and continued until the stage of theoretical saturation.. The results show that the experience of fundamental challenges such as divorce and remarriage of parents, family breakdown, domestic violence and parental addiction are among the causal conditions of women's tendency to use drugs. Double compulsion and restrictions in the field of choosing a spouse and forced marriages, as well as forced drop-outs from the family, are the underlying causes and conditions of women's addiction. Interfering factors for drug use by women also include addiction rings and traps in which addiction is the result of a family conspiracy and, in addition, includes a long history of drug use in the family and living in a drug-contaminated environment and recreational use. Fun materials with friends and acquaintances. The consequences of addiction for women also include rejection and punishment by family and others, isolation and tendency to an informal, vulgar and baseless economy, which can lead to other types of social deviations.

Keywords


  1. Danesh P, Maleki A,Niazi Z. Grounded theory on the causes of addiction of addicted women prisoners in Isfahan central prison". Journal of Social Development-Culture Studies.2013., 1(4): 125-145. [Persian].

https:// www.sid.ir/ fa/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=217986

  1. Neal J,Tompkins NE, Marshall AD, Treloar  C, Strang J.  Do women with complex alchol and other drug use histories want women-only residential treatment?. Addiction. 2018;113:989-97.

https:// doi.org/10.1111/ add. 14131

  1. Tuchman  E. Women and addiction: the importance of gender issues in substance abuse research.Journal of Addictive Diseases. 2010., 29: 127-38.

https:// doi.org/10.1080/10550881003684582

  1. Nelson-Zlupko L, Kuffman E, Dore MM. (1995). Gender differences in drug addiction and treatment:implications for ocial work intervention with substance-abusing women. Soc work. 40: 45-54

https://doi.org/10.1093/SW/40.1.45

  1. Simpson M, McNulty J. Diferent needs: women's druguse and treatment in the Uk..Int J Drug Policy.2008; 19: 169-75.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2007.11.021

  1. Powis B, Griffiths P, Gossop M, Strang J. (2009). The differences between male and female drug users:community samles of heroin and cocaine users compared.Subst Use Misues.2009; 31: 529-43.

https: //doi.org/10.3109.1082608960904585

  1. Tracy D, Hahn JA, Fuller-Lewis C, Evans J , Briceno  A, Moriss MD. Higher risk of incident hepatitis C virus among young women sho inject drugs compared with sexual relationship: a prospective analysisfrom the UFO study cohort. BMj Open.2014; 4: 1-8.

https://doi. org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-004988  

  1. Brayant J, Berner L, Hull P, Treloar C. Needle sharing in regular sexual relationship: an examination of serodiscordance, drug using practices and the genderd character of injecting. Drug and Alcohol Depend. 2010.107: 182-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.10.007
  2. Swif W, Copeland J, Hall W. Characteritics of women with alcohol and other drug problems: findings of an Australian national survey. Addictin.1996; 91: 1141- 50.

https:// doi.org/ 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1996.91811416.x

  1. Johnson  A R, Thibeault KC, Lopez AJ, Peck E, Sands L P, Sanders, CM, Gunes, KM, et al.  (2019). Cues play a critcal role in estrous cycle-dependent enhancement of cocaine reinforcement. Neuro psycho pharmacolog.2019; 44 (7):1189-97. https: //doi.org/10.1038/s41386-019-0320-0
  2. Zolala F, Mahdavian M, Haghdoost A,  Karamouzian M. Pathways to addiction: A gender-based study on drug use in triangular clinic and drop-in center,Kerman,Iran.High Risck Behav addict.2016; 5 (2):1-5.

https:// doi. org/ 10.5812/ijhrba.22320

  1. McHugh RK, Votaw VR, Sugarma DE,  Greenfield SF. (2018). Sex and gender differences in substance use disorders. Clinical   psychology review.2018; 66: 12-23.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.10.012

  1. Yahyazadeh H,  Kiani M. (2018). Experiences and social consequences of drug use in women. Journal of Social Work.2018; 4(15): 41-97. [Persian]

https: //doi.org/10.22054/RJSW.2018.10947

  1. Enayat H, Ghaffari, D. (2018). Exploration in the system of mental meanings of managers and therapists of women drug users in Kermanshah province. Journal of Women and Society.2018; 9(2): 211-32. [Persian]

https://jzvj.miau. ac.ir/ article_3150.html

  1. Mohammadi K. (2017). The alarm of addiction has sounded for women. Retrieved from: Isfahan Fars News Agency at:

http://isfahan.farsnews.com/news/13961125000173, viewed on February 28, 2017

  1. Zandi A. (2018). There are 19,000 addicts in South Khorasan. Retrieved from Khaverestan news-analytical database at

https://www.khavarestan.ir

  1. Bayati P. (2010). Socio-cultural context affecting psychotropic addiction  among women. Addiction Research and Substance Abuse. 2010.4(14): 7-15.[Persian] 

https:// etiadpajohi.ir/browse.php?a_id=382&sid=1&slc_lang=fa

  1. Garossi S, Mohammadi DK. (2011). Explaining the lived experience of women addicted to drugs from the phenomenon of addiction. Journal of Sociology of Women.2011.2(1): 55-74. [Persian]

http://jzvj.miau.ac.ir/article_1209.html

  1. Karamizadeh E, Boostani D. Consequences of methamphetamine consumption: a qualitative study of addicted women in Kerman. women and family Studies. 2016.5(1): 7-34.  [Persian]

https://doi.org/ 10.22051/ jwfs.2016. 11103. 1200

  1. Sadeghi FS, Jahandar L Z. (2020). An analysis of women's addiction in a qualitative study. Two Quarterly Journal of Women and Family Disciplinary and Social Research.2020; 8 (14): 24-43. [Persian]

http://pssw.jrl.police.ir/article_93826.html

  1.  

Haight WL, Carter-Black,JD. (2009). Mothers Experience of Metamphetamine Addiction: A case – based analysis of rural, Midwestern women , Journal of Children and youth Services Review.2009;31:71-77.   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2008.05.011

  1. Greenfield SF, Cummings  AM, Kuper LE, Wigderson SB,  Ljungberg MK. (2013). A qualitative analysis of women's experiences in single- gender versus mixed-gender substance abuse group therapy. Subst Use Misuses. 2013; 48: 750-760.

https:// doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2013.787100

  1. Jones LV, Hopson L, Warner L,, Hardiman ER, JamesT. A qualitative study of black women's experinces in drug abuse and mental health. Services,Affilia.2014;30 (1):  68-82.

https://doi.org/ 10.1177/ 2Fo886109914531957

  1. Choate PW.Adolescent alcoholism and drug addiction: the experience of parents. Behav Sci. 2015; 5: 461-76.

https:// doi.org/ 10. 3390/ bs5040461

  1. Hanpatchaiyakul K, Eriksson H, Kijsomporn  J,  Gunnel O. Lived experience of Thai women with alcohol addiction. Asian Nursing Research.2017; 11: 304- 10.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2107.12.001

  1. Strauss  A, Corbin J. (2008) Basics of Qualitative Research. Third Edition, London: Sage Publications;2008,pp:181-265.

https: //doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648. 2000. t01-7-01210.x

  1. Mohseni T A. Study of the situation of addicts in Iran. Journal of Social Security.2000; 8: 209-36. [Persian] 

http://qjo.ssor.ir/article_60294.html

  1. Robertson I.  An introduction to society  with  emphasis on theories of  functionalism, conflict, and symbolic interaction. Translated by Hossein Behravan. third edition. Mashhad: Astan Quds Razavi Publications;1998, [Persian]
  2. Afrasiabi H, Madahi J. A qualitative study of the social contexts of smoking among Yazd university boys dormitory students. Strategic Research in Security and Social Order.2017;15(4): 79-98. [Persian] https://doi.org/10.22108/ssoss.2017.21277
  3. Musanejad  A. Study of social factors affecting the tendency of adolescent and young boys in Isfahan prison to addictive substances. Master Thesis, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Isfahan.2008, p:99 [Persian]
  4. Ahmadi H . Sociology of  deviations. Shiraz: Rose publications;1998, pp:77-100. [Persian]
  5. Ahmadi H, Gholami AM. Investigation of socio-economic factors affecting addiction. Addiction Research Quarterly.2003; 2(5): 85-103. [Persian]

https:// etiadpajohi.ir/ browse.php?a_id=467&sid=1&slc_lang=fa

  1. Strauss A, Carbin J. Basics of qualitative research. Seventh edition. Translated by Ebrahim Afshar. Tehran: Ney publishing; 2018,p:112 [Persian]
  2. Punch K. . Introduction to social research: quantitative and qualitative approaches. London: Sage Publications Ltd; 2000,p:261. 

https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2000.1572f.x

  1. Patton, M. Qualitative research and evaluation methods. London: Sage publication; 2001,p:78.

https:// doi.org/ 10.1002/nur.477014111

  1. Felick O. An introduction to qualitative research.Tenth Edition. Translated by Hadi Jalili, Tehran: Ney publishing; 2018,pp:328-29. [Persian]