The Effect of Gender Beliefs of Urban Women on Housekeeping

Authors

• M Sedaghati Fard
• S Haji Mohammadi

Abstract

    The goal of this research is to study the effects of sexuality beliefs of urban women on housekeeping. This research uses survey technique on a sample of 200 married housekeeper women aged between 20-70 years old in Tehran (Region 12). This is a correlational and descriptive-survey research. The research society includes all aforementioned women. Cluster sampling method was used and each area of Region 12 was considered as one cluster. The sample volume was calculated by Cochran Formula for 6 areas in Region 12 of Tehran. The research tool was applied on the clusters. The findings showed that women’s beliefs towards exclusive supervisory role of man, commitment to child training, deference, men’s duty to supply family, patriarchy culture, and women’s traditional sexuality beliefs relate with their housekeeping roles.

Keywords

• Sexuality Beliefs
• Housekeeping Role
• Traditional Beliefs
• Patriarchy Culture
• Tehran

---

References

- Abbott, P & Claire W. (2004). Women^,s Sociology. Translated by Manijeh Najm Iraqi. Tehran: Ney. Persian.

- Ahmadnian, S . (2006). Gender Differences in Health: Why and How Women Are Sicker. Persian.

- Anderson, M.L. (1997). Thinking about women, Sociological perspectives on Sex and Gender, Allyn & Bacon.

- Asai S.G & Olson, D.H (2004). Five Types of marriage: An Emirical typology based on ENRICH. The family Journal, 1(3), 196-207

- Carlson, Neil R. (1993).” Psychology: The Science of Behavior”, Boston: Allyn.

- Ehteshamzadeh, P. (2006).Transition of Women^,s Gender Roles and Mental Health of Family, Master^,s Degree Thesis in University of Ahvaz. Persian.

- Ezazi, S. (2001). Analysis of Gender Perspectives in Iran . Article  presented in training workshop. Persian.

- French, Marilyn. (1994). War against Women . Toorandokht Tamadon. Tehran: Elmi Pubications.

- Ghayumi, R. (2009). Study of the Factors Affecting Acceptability of Gender Roles in Private and Public Fields,with Emphasis on Religion and Family. Persian.

- Gavin, L. Galavotti, C. Dube, H. (2006). Factors associated with HIV infection adolescenct females in Zimbabwe. Adolesce Health, 39, 296-612.

- Green , K. & Faukner, S. (2005). Gender, Belief in the sexual double standard, and sexual talk in heterosexual dating relationships. Sex Roles, 53, 239-51

- Halpern, D.F. (2004). A cognitive process taxonomy for sex differences in cognitive abilities.Cllrent Directiolls in Psychological Sciellce, 13, 5 -139.        

- Harvey, L. MacDonald, M. (1993). Doing Sociology, London: The MacMillan Pres LTD.

- Herzog, S. (2007). Public perceptions of sexual harassment: An empirical analysis in Israel from consensus and feminist theoretical perspectives. Sex Roles, 57, 579-92.

- Hoge, R.D. (1993). Exploring the link between giftedness and self-concept.Review of Educational Research, 63, 449-456.

- Hyde, Sh. (2005). Women^,s Psychology. Women^,s Share in Human Experience. Translated by Akram Khamsheh.Tehran:Agah. Persian.

- Kammeyer, K.C.W, et. al. (1989). “Sociology”, Boston and London: Allyn and Bacon

- Leech, T.G.J.(2010). Everythings Better in Moderation: Young women s Gender Role Attitudes and Risky Sexual Behavior, Adolescent Health, 1-7.

- Mischelle, A. (1975). Family and Marriage Sociology .(Farangis Ardalan).Tehran : Social Scienecs and Cooperation University. Persian.

- Nadri Abyaneh, F. (2010). Beliefs, Homemaking,Occupation and Women of Iran. Sadra Islamic Wisdom Foundation. Persian.

- Nahavandi, M. (2007). Study of Work Ethics of Employees of University of Tehran, with a view on Gender. PhD Thesis. Guided by Dr. Gholamabbas Tavasoli,Tehran,University of Tehran. Social Sciences Faculty. Persian.

- Spenle, B. & Ann Mary, R. (1993). Concept of Role in Social Psychology. Translated by Abolhassan Sarv Moghadam. Mashhad: Astan Qods Razavi Publications.

- Oakley, A. (1976). “Woman''''s Work: The Housewife, Past and Present”, New York: Vintage Books.

- Obeidallah, D. Brenan, R. & Brooks- gunn, J. (2008). Links between pubertal timing and neighbor-hood contexts: Implications for girls violent behavior. J Am A CAD child Adolesc Psychiatry, 43, 1460-8

- Onil, M. (1995). Women^,s Role in Development, Social Theorization of Book of Development, Translated by A. Zahedi. Tehran : Tose ^,eh

- Sarokhani, B. (1991). Social Sciences Encyclopedia . Tehran : Keyhan Publications Organization. Persian.

- Sadeghi Fasaei, S. & Mirhosseini, Z. (2009). “Sociological Analysis of the Factors Affecting Fear from Crime among Women in Tehran”,Letter of Social Sciences.Year 17,Issue No.36. Persian.

- Sadeghi, M. (2005). Impact of Gender Beliefs on Carrying out Women^,s  Domestic Roles.(Case Study of Married Women in Sanandaj University of Medical Sciences) Master^,s Degree Thesis in the Field of Women Study, Social Sciences Faculty of Allameh University. Persian.

- Safiri, Kh. (2007). Study of the Relationship of Gender-Based Stereotypes and Conflict of Marital Roles in Young Couples. Master^,s Degree Thesis in Alzahra University. Persian.

- Shahshahani, H. (2001). Roshd Monthly. Issue No.2.Women and Society. Persian.

- Shepard, J. M. (1999).” Sociology”, New York and Boston: Wadsworth.

- Strough, J. Leszcznski, J. & Neely, T. (2007). From adolescence to later adulthood: Femininity, masculinity, and androgyny in six age groups. Sex Roles, 57, 385-96.

- Tong, R. (1997). Feminist Thought, London: Routledge.